{"id":8937,"date":"2019-02-05T23:45:10","date_gmt":"2019-02-06T04:45:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/"},"modified":"2023-05-10T04:29:24","modified_gmt":"2023-05-10T08:29:24","slug":"lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/","title":{"rendered":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager"},"content":{"rendered":"

The restructuring of the networking objectives is one of the major changes in LPIC-1 version 5.0. The entire topic 109 is dedicated to the connectivity of your system. The new structure divides the topic into networking fundamentals (109.1), persistent network configuration (109.2), troubleshooting and runtime configuration (109.3) and DNS name resolution (109.4). Unlike before, each command is now exclusively assigned to one of these topics, which makes the preparation for the exam easier.<\/p>\n

Objective 109.1<\/a>\u00a0covers fundamentals of the internet protocols. It covers IP addresses, subnetting and important TCP and UDP ports. Although is has been on the exam before, make sure you have a fair understanding of IPv6. Focus on the most important aspects of IPv6, make sure you understand the addresses and their components and try to apply your IPv4 subnetting knowledge to IPv6. However, don\u2019t get lost in the numerous additions to IPv6. Be prepared to solve the aspects mentioned in the objectives by using either IPv4 or IPv6.<\/p>\n

Persistent network configuration is the focus of\u00a0objective 109.2<\/a>. Nowadays, most desktop Linux distributions use\u00a0NetworkManager<\/a>\u00a0as the main network configuration tool. You have probably seen one of its widgets on your Linux desktop. Beyond those widgets, NetworkManager can be controlled from the command line using the program nmcli<\/code> or the curses interface nmtui<\/code>.<\/p>\n

Taking a closer look at nmcli provides you insights in how NetworkManager structures the network configuration. The\u00a0Fedora Networking Guide<\/a>\u00a0does a great job in explaining nmcli. Chapter 2.4\u00a0introduces nmcli<\/a>, including some examples, explaining\u00a0how to connect to a network<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0how to configure static routes<\/a>. Don\u2019t underestimate NetworkManager. Is is a flexible tool, and it is the core of a weight-four objective. Make sure you practice how to connect to an ethernet and wifi using NetworkManager from the command line.<\/p>\n

If you want to learn more about nmcli beyond the LPIC-1 objectives, review the\u00a0nmcli(1) manpage<\/a>\u00a0and the examples in the\u00a0ArchLinux wiki<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Besides NetworkManager, objective 109.2 includes hostnamectl and awareness of systemd-networkd, which we already covered last week. The objective also includes ifup and ifdown, which are part of the traditional networking configuration of many distributions.<\/p>\n

Internally, NetworkManager, ifup<\/code> and ifdown<\/code>, all configure parameters of your Linux system. You can review, or even manually create or change these options. This kind of troubleshooting and runtime configuration is covered in\u00a0objective 109.3<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Historically, the net-utils<\/code> package provided commands such as ifconfig<\/code> and route<\/code>. On Linux, iproute2 offers a modern replacement for these tools. After more than a decade of coexistence, iproute2 finally becomes the standard tool on most distributions. In LPIC-1 version 5.0, you\u2019re supposed to be proficient in using iproute2 and some other new tools such as ss<\/code>. The older net-utils are covered at awareness level, meaning that you should have a basic idea about these tools. If you\u2019re new to the topic and started using iproute2 right away, you should be fine. If you\u2019re still in the net-utils comfort zone, it\u2019s time to switch to iproute2 now. Red Hat\u2019s\u00a0IP Command Cheatsheet<\/a>\u00a0provides a great comparison of net-utils and iproute2 commands. Again, focus on what\u2019s on the LPIC-1 objectives and experiment with interfaces, addresses (both IPv4 and IPv6!) and routes. If you want to go beyond the LPIC-1 objectives, take a look at the\u00a0iproute2 user guide<\/a>, which is a collection of examples even for less commonly used iproute2 tasks.<\/p>\n

Finally,\u00a0Objective 109.4<\/a>\u00a0covers client aspects of DNS. Most of this objective was not changed in version 5.0. As we\u2019re already seen in last week\u2019s posting, systemd-resolvd was added to this objective. In general, make sure you understand not only how to configure a DNS client, but also how to configure how your system tries to resolve names and how to resolve a name from your system\u2019s perspective, which might include more than just DNS.<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve already mentioned practicing once or twice. You won\u2019t gain proficiency from pure reading. Networking is a particularly demanding topic and requires real hands-on experience. Try to set up a test lab with a couple of virtual machines and configure their networking according to the LPIC-1 objectives, both with IPv4 and IPv6, both using NetworkManager and iproute2. As we will see next week, you will be able to leverage your virtualization experience for another new LPIC-1 topic as well.<\/p>\n

Previous post<\/a>\u00a0| Next post<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The restructuring of the networking objectives is one of the major changes in LPIC-1 version 5.0. The entire topic 109 is dedicated to the connectivity of your system. The new structure divides the topic into networking fundamentals (109.1), persistent network … Per saperne di pi\u00f9<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":8938,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"country":[],"language":[304],"ppma_author":[540],"class_list":["post-8937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","language-english"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The restructuring of the networking objectives is one of the major changes in LPIC-1 version 5.0. The entire topic 109 is dedicated to the connectivity of your system. The new structure divides the topic into networking fundamentals (109.1), persistent network ... Per saperne di pi\u00f9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LPIConnect\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"730\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"457\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fabian Thorns\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@lpiconnect\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@lpiconnect\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scritto da\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fabian Thorns\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo di lettura stimato\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minuti\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fabian Thorns\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/87a340eca845e18d801667fd11e6937c\"},\"headline\":\"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":713,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg\",\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/\",\"name\":\"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/05\\\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg\",\"width\":730,\"height\":457},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/blog\\\/2019\\\/02\\\/05\\\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/\",\"name\":\"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/04\\\/logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/04\\\/logo.png\",\"width\":496,\"height\":175,\"caption\":\"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LPIConnect\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/lpiconnect\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/35136\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/lpi_org\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fosstodon.org\\\/@LPI\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/it\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/87a340eca845e18d801667fd11e6937c\",\"name\":\"Fabian Thorns\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg583c90110e404d4e42f0be7307753074\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lpi.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Fabian Thorns\"},\"description\":\"Fabian Thorns is the Director of Product Development at Linux Professional Institute, LPI. He is M.Sc. Business Information Systems, a regular speaker at open source events and the author of numerous articles and books. Fabian has been part of the exam development team since 2010. Connect with him on LinkedIn, XING\u00a0or via email (fthorns\u00a0at\u00a0www.lpi.org).\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/","og_locale":"it_IT","og_type":"article","og_title":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager","og_description":"The restructuring of the networking objectives is one of the major changes in LPIC-1 version 5.0. The entire topic 109 is dedicated to the connectivity of your system. The new structure divides the topic into networking fundamentals (109.1), persistent network ... Per saperne di pi\u00f9","og_url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/","og_site_name":"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LPIConnect","article_published_time":"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":730,"height":457,"url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Fabian Thorns","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@lpiconnect","twitter_site":"@lpiconnect","twitter_misc":{"Scritto da":"Fabian Thorns","Tempo di lettura stimato":"4 minuti"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/"},"author":{"name":"Fabian Thorns","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#\/schema\/person\/87a340eca845e18d801667fd11e6937c"},"headline":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager","datePublished":"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/"},"wordCount":713,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg","inLanguage":"it-IT","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/","name":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg","datePublished":"2019-02-06T04:45:10+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-10T08:29:24+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"it-IT","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"it-IT","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Blog-series-LPIC-1-and-LE-update-blog-04.jpg","width":730,"height":457},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/blog\/2019\/02\/05\/lpic-1-iproute2-and-networkmanager\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"LPIC-1: iproute2 and NetworkManager"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/","name":"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"it-IT"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#organization","name":"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"it-IT","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/logo.png","width":496,"height":175,"caption":"Linux Professional Institute (LPI)"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LPIConnect","https:\/\/x.com\/lpiconnect","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/35136","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/lpi_org\/","https:\/\/fosstodon.org\/@LPI"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/#\/schema\/person\/87a340eca845e18d801667fd11e6937c","name":"Fabian Thorns","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"it-IT","@id":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg583c90110e404d4e42f0be7307753074","url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg","caption":"Fabian Thorns"},"description":"Fabian Thorns is the Director of Product Development at Linux Professional Institute, LPI. He is M.Sc. Business Information Systems, a regular speaker at open source events and the author of numerous articles and books. Fabian has been part of the exam development team since 2010. Connect with him on LinkedIn, XING\u00a0or via email (fthorns\u00a0at\u00a0www.lpi.org)."}]}},"views":1632,"authors":[{"term_id":540,"user_id":66,"is_guest":0,"slug":"fthornslpi-org","display_name":"Fabian Thorns","avatar_url":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/cropped-fabian-thorns-1920px-96x96.jpg","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/66"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8937"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11381,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8937\/revisions\/11381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8937"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=8937"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=8937"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=8937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}