{"id":14493,"date":"2023-06-22T04:47:53","date_gmt":"2023-06-22T08:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/blog\/2023\/06\/22\/how-handle-vulnerabilities-third-party-programming-libraries-2\/"},"modified":"2023-06-22T04:47:53","modified_gmt":"2023-06-22T08:47:53","slug":"how-handle-vulnerabilities-third-party-programming-libraries-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lpi.org\/ja\/articles\/how-handle-vulnerabilities-third-party-programming-libraries-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30b5\u30fc\u30c9\u30d1\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u88fd\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u30fb\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306e\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\nGitLab \u3084 GitHub \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6570\u56de\u306e\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u958b\u767a\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u8981\u6240\u8981\u6240\u3067\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u4fbf\u5229\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306bGitLab\u3084GitHub\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u624b\u52d5\u3067\u958b\u767a\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002Java\u3084.NET\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3067\u3082\u3001OWASP Dependency-Check\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3044\u3064\u4f7f\u3046\u3079\u304d\uff1f\u3082\u3057\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6642\u9593\u3092\u8a31\u5bb9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3067\u304d\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u30a4\u30f3\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u52e7\u3081\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u3001\u76f4\u8fd1\u306e\u7de8\u96c6\u3067\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u305a\u3001\u3082\u3057\u305d\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u6b20\u9665\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3059\u3050\u306b\u77e5\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u306f\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ee5\u524d\u306f\u554f\u984c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u554f\u984c\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u3001\u54c1\u8cea\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3084\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u524d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u307e\u307e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u5165\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8cbb\u7528\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u907f\u3051\u305f\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30ca\u3092\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306b\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3042\u308bDevSecOps\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u00a0CIA\u3084FBI\u3092\u542b\u3080\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u898f\u5236\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f\u3001Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) \u306b\u5f93\u3063\u305f\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u3092\u8981\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002SCAP\u306fNIST\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u3001Open SCAP\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u4fee\u6b63
\n\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3046\u307e\u304f\u3044\u3051\u3070\u3001\u3059\u3050\u306b\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3057\u305d\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u304c\u4fee\u6b63\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001 \u3042\u306a\u305f\u304c\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u4fee\u6b63\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3078\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u5f8c\u306b\u30ea\u30b0\u30ec\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30d3\u30eb\u30c9\u306e\u6d17\u7df4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u50be\u5411\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001Project Thoth\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001Python\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306bRed Hat\u304c\u958b\u767a\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002(Thoth \u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5404\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306e\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u7248\u3092\u5358\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u8fbc\u3080\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u516c\u958b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3001\u6b20\u9665\u306a\u304f\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306b\u3082\u771f\u4f3c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\n\u3082\u3057\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u4fee\u6b63\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u307e\u3060\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3082\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3089\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u53e4\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u305d\u306e\u53e4\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u4ed6\u306e\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u3042\u307e\u308a\u5f79\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u53e4\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u8ffd\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001\u518d\u3073\u56de\u5e30\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u6b20\u9665\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a
\n\u524d\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u63d0\u6848\u3055\u308c\u305f\u89e3\u6c7a\u7b56\u304c\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u4e0a\u306e\u6b20\u9665\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u629c\u3051\u51fa\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5fae\u5999\u306a\u8abf\u67fb\u3068\u63a8\u8ad6\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u4fb5\u5165\u306e\u5f15\u304d\u91d1\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3046\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u76ee\u3092\u5411\u3051\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u5831\u544a\u3057\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3059\u3050\u306b\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3001\u653b\u6483\u8005\u304c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc(root)\u306b\u306a\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff1f\u4e00\u65e6root\u306b\u306a\u308c\u3070\u3001\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u5927\u60e8\u4e8b\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u6b20\u9665\u3092\u60aa\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u653b\u6483\u8005\u304c\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u4f4e\u3044\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30ca\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u516c\u7136\u3068\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u4f55\u304b\u3092\u554f\u984c\u8996\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002
\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6b20\u9665\u304c\u60aa\u7528\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u633f\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u6e21\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5f15\u6570\u306e1\u3064\u304c\u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\u306e\u9577\u3055\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f15\u6570\u304c\u8ca0\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u60aa\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5371\u967a\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30d5\u30a1\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u30bc\u30ed\u304b\u6b63\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u8ca0\u306e\u5024\u3092\u6301\u3064\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u306b\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5404\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u306e\u524d\u306b\u3053\u308c\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 if (argument < 0)\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 exit;\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u306e\u5165\u529b\u3067\u306f\u6c7a\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u6ce8\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u6e21\u3059\u524d\u306b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002Perl \u3067\u4f55\u5e74\u3082\u524d\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6280\u8853\u9769\u65b0\u306b\u5023\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5371\u967a\u306a\u5909\u6570\u306b\u300ctainted\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u9055\u53cd\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u305f\u8a00\u8a9e\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\n\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d7\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u3084\u4ed6\u306e\u30e9\u30c3\u30d1\u30fc\u306b\u5371\u967a\u306a\u5165\u529b\u306e\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u304c\u7c21\u5358\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\n\u3053\u306e\u56de\u907f\u7b56\u306f\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\u3001\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306e\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u304c\u3059\u3050\u306b\u3053\u306e\u30d0\u30b0\u3092\u4fee\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u306f\u305a\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\n\u3082\u3057\u8ab0\u3082\u3053\u306e\u56de\u907f\u7b56\u3092\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u3067\u5171\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3053\u306e\u4e0d\u5177\u5408\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u305f issue 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